Kerry Hammock, Brigham Young UniversityĮditor’s Note: The article is based on a presentation given by Paula and Kerry at the 2009 NACADA Annual Conference in San Antonio.Īs advisors, we tell our liberal arts and social science students to “follow your heart” and “study what you love” in college. Planned happenstance removes the judgement often associated with change.Paula Landon and W. Our doing something less than ideal is simply 'trying', or 'practice' it is not 'wrong'. We can be active, in opposition to “if do nothing, nothing's gonna happen" (Piazzale, 2009, 4:45). Krumboltz theory allows us to not need have all the answers, but to be free to consider developing opportunities. 116) and vicarious (learning via role models Inkson et al., 2015). Planned happenstance acknowledges environmental conditions and our innately human qualities, which other career theories seem to ignore, and emphases three types of learning: instrumental (learning reinforced by associative reward - praise - or dissociative punishment - ridicule) association (learning by "positive stimuli, such as enjoyable medical TV dramas are paired with more neutral stimuli, such as hospitals, possibly inducing interest in careers in the health sector" Inkson et al., 2015, p. We can become more open to risk because we have risked and the world hasn't ended we have grown our self-efficacy (Inkson et al., 2015) intersecting with the work of Carol Dweck (2006) on fixed and growth mindsets. I think the best thing is that, as we take decisions and make change, we grow more confident in our abilities to make these calls. While we cannot plan or control global events, our ability to deal with uncertainty and ambiguity can can be prepared for.įurther, as opportunities arise, we can encourage ourselves - or others - to take decisions, and to make changes, to match our stage of development and comfort (Careers New Zealand, 2016). For example, when we created virtual workplace solutions during Covid-19, our resilience increased. These happenstance skills help us to prepare for uncertainty and ambiguity (Staunton, 2015), making a difference in how we approach our career. The happenstance skills we can develop include: resilience being open seeking opportunity curiosity openness to risk-taking and openness to making mistakes. We can improve our chances of controlling our environment by preparing ourselves, by skill-building. 235) our environment, and who try to "control environments to suit own purposes and needs" (p. We are active in the process, as "intelligent, problem-solving individuals who strive at all times to understand" (p. Our "learning experiences consist of contact with and cognitive analysis of positively and negatively reinforcing events" (p. Planned happenstance has been defined as how our "personalities and behavioral repertoires" which we "possess arise primarily from unique learning experiences" (Mitchell & Krumboltz, 1984, p. So drawing on this idea of serendipity - happy coincidence - we will take a look at Krumboltz's Social Learning Theory an optimistic theory more commonly known as planned happenstance, and how serendipity or luck (inkson et al., 2015 Mitchell & Krumboltz, 1984) can open and create career paths for us. The princes "were always making discoveries, by accidents and sagacity, of things they were not in quest of" so effectively they had a gift for "making happy and unexpected discoveries by accident" (p. 5), and serendipity is a term coined by Horace Walpole, taking it from the Arabian Nights story, The Three Princes of Serendip. Serendip is the original Persian name for Sri Lanka (Simpson & Weiner, 1989, p.
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